What is Aortic Valve Stenosis?
What is Aortic Valve Stenosis?Aortic valve stenosis, also known as aortic stenosis, is the narrowing of the aortic valve opening. This can block or restrict blood flow, causing the heart to work extra hard to pump blood to the rest of the body.
Signs & Symptoms of Aortic Valve Stenosis
SymptomsThose with mild aortic valve stenosis may never experience symptoms. The condition does not cause symptoms in many situations until blood flow is severely restricted. Severe aortic stenosis symptoms can include:
- Dizziness, especially with physical activity
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Heart palpitations (fluttering heartbeat)
- Not eating enough or gaining weight
What Causes Aortic Valve Stenosis?
CausesAortic valve stenosis can be caused by genetic factors or acquired through other conditions. Causes of aortic stenosis include:
- Calcium buildup. The most common cause of aortic valve stenosis is the buildup of calcium on the aortic valve. Calcium, a mineral found in the blood, can cause the aortic valve to stiffen and narrow when it builds up. These calcium deposits usually occur in people older than 70.
- Congenital heart conditions. A heart defect, such as an aortic valve that has only two cusps (called a bicuspid aortic valve) instead of the usual three, can cause aortic valve stenosis. This usually occurs at a younger age.
- Infection. Some infections, like Rheumatic fever, can cause scar tissue to form on the aortic valve and subsequently lead to narrowing. Infective endocarditis, a bacterial infection in the valves, can also lead to aortic stenosis.
Risk Factors
Risk FactorsSome characteristics and underlying conditions can put you at a higher risk of developing aortic valve stenosis than others. These risk factors include:
- Older age
- Chronic kidney disease
- History of infections affecting the heart
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
Prevention
PreventionWhile there is no way to prevent aortic valve stenosis completely, managing certain risk factors can reduce your chance of developing the condition. Maintaining a healthy weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol level are the main ways to reduce your risk.
Trust NewYork-Presbyterian for Aortic Valve Stenosis Care
At NewYork-Presbyterian, our cardiac experts have plenty of experience identifying and treating the symptoms of aortic valve stenosis. Your physician can keep track of your individual history and risk factors to ensure any signs of the condition are caught early, and a comprehensive treatment plan is developed.